Violencia sexual en Haití

12 mar 2009


Indefensas

Sonia, de 14 años, salió de la casa de su abuela al anochecer. Fue a una plaza cercana a hacer sus deberes. Como muchos otros escolares que viven en zonas de Puerto Príncipe donde no hay suministro eléctrico, iba a hacer sus deberes a la luz de una de las pocas farolas de alumbrado público de su barrio. Mientras estaba allí estudiando, un hombre se le acercó. Ella le pidió que se marchara, y él lo hizo, pero regresó poco después con otros hombres que le apuntaron con sus armas mientras el primero le desgarraba la ropa y la violaba. Su abuela la llevó a una clínica, pero la disuadió de denunciar la agresión a la policía para que no fuera luego rechazada por la sociedad.-

"Piensa en Haití, Reza por Haití"

Haití es el país más pobre del hemisferio occidental. Tiene una poblacion de poco mas de 7 millones de habitantes El 76% vive en la pobreza y 55% lo hace en condiciones de indigencia o pobreza extrema. Dicha situación es aún más marcada en el área rural, ya que abarca a 82% y 59%, respectivamente, de su población. La distribución del ingreso es sumamente desigual; el 20% de la población relativamente más favorecida recibe 68% del ingreso nacional.

Las frecuentes catástrofes naturales – huracanes, inundaciones– han causado una gran devastación en la población haitiana. En agosto y septiembre de 2008, varios huracanes y una tormenta tropical azotaron el país en menos de tres semanas, mas 800.000 personas quedaron sin hogar.

En las áreas más afectadas por los recientes huracanes, la violencia sexual contra las mujeres ha aumentado.

El contexto en el que las niñas de Haití sufren violencia sexual es el de una discriminación de género y una desigualdad omnipresentes. A menudo, la primera se combina con otras formas de discriminación, por edad o por clase social, que desembocan en una marginación y una victimización aún mayores. Los estudios realizados durante los últimos cuatro años sugieren que más de la mitad de las violaciones denunciadas son de niñas.

Otra tendencia que ha emergido es la prevalencia de la violación a manos de grupos de hombres armados. Las organizaciones de mujeres y otras ONG que prestan asistencia y apoyo a las víctimas han señalado un aumento en el número de informes de violaciones de este tipo

El número de casos de violencia sexual denunciados cada año en vísperas del carnaval o durante su transcurso, resulta especialmente preocupante . En febrero de 2007 se informó en Puerto Príncipe, en tan sólo tres días, de 50 casos de violación de mujeres y niñas.

"si te violan, la sociedad te rechaza: no debes estudiar, no debes ir al hospital, debes
quedarte en un rincón. La violación te convierte [...] en una persona sin derechos"

En el contexto específico de Haití, el embarazo puede dar lugar también a que la educación de las niñas se vea alterada, o a que las niñas abandonen permanentemente la escuela. Esto incide aun mas en el afianzamiento de la discriminación de género y la pobreza entre mujeres y niñas.

En los últimos años, las autoridades han tomado medidas que indican un cierto reconocimiento de que la violencia contra las mujeres y niñas es un problema que debe abordarse. Sin embargo, pese a las iniciativas, el gobierno haitiano está muy lejos de cumplir con su obligación de proteger a las niñas. El sistema de justicia es débil y, en gran medida, ineficaz. La Brigada de Protección de Menores de la policía tiene una lamentable escasez de personal. En marzo de 2008 contaba con tan sólo 12 agentes para todo el país, y no tenía ningún vehículo a su disposición.


Para muchas niñas, sobrevivir a la violencia sexual significa guardar silencio.

En 2005, un decreto presidencial clasificó la violación como un delito penal, no moral, y aumentó la pena máxima para los condenados por ella a 15 años de trabajos forzados, o cadena perpetua en caso de que la víctima sea menor de 16 años. Desde entonces se han celebrado varios juicios por violación, a los que se ha dado gran publicidad. Sin embargo, el índice de procesamientos por delitos sexuales sigue siendo extremadamente bajo. El hecho de que no se haga rendir cuentas a los responsables transmite un enérgico mensaje a las supervivientes y ayuda a explicar por qué tantas niñas piensan que no tiene sentido denunciar los delitos de violencia sexual.

"ahora, en el barrio en el que vivo, es como si me violaran cada día, porque cada día alguien me recuerda que he sido violada y que no soy nada, que debo quedarme en un rincón y no hablar..." y Sonia, simplemente, calla.-

Abriles

27 Comments:

Sergio said...

Es una barbarie esa forma de vida en Haití sobretodo para la mujer, yo me uno al rezo para que esta situación cambie, si el hombre no puede hacer que cambie, se lo dejamos a Dios.

Saludos

Gizela said...

Te leo y cuesta recordar que estamos en el 2009.
Siglo de avances tecnológicos, médicos.
Pero la pobreza lleva crueldad por las venas.
Una extrema pobreza envilece al ser humano, llevándolo a limites impensados.
Lamentablemente, mucho más que rezos necesita gran parte de la humanidad.
Desgarrador post.

Ginebra said...

Pués otra prueba clara de que las organizaciones internacionales pasan bastante, ¡vamos, los gobiernos de los países ricos sobre todo! que auspician estos hechos o conniven con los que tienen el poder en este tipo de países. Si desde aquí se hiciera algo, estos horribles y denigrantes hechos que nos describen no ocurrirían... pero parece que la vida y los derechos de una niña cuentan poco, su derecho a la libertad y a la seguridad, a la educación y a la libertad de expresión...
Un beso.

JESUS y ENCARNA said...

terrible... que puedo decir? solo puedo sentir indignación, sobretodo por eso, porque parece ser que nadie se ocupa ni de éste, ni de otros temas tan dramáticos como éste.
hay muchas cosas que no interesan a nadie y es algo que me pone el estómago del revés
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Sara said...

Como mujer, como ser humano,ésto me provoca una rabia dificil de contener, un profundo asco, repulsa y denuncia ante tanto organismo, que se dedica a defender los derechos humanos universales sin ningún resultado o resultados excasos, razón que me hace pensar, que o miran para otro lado o de lo contrario, no entiendo que ésto suceda ya en ningún lugar del mundo.
Desde luego hay tanto por lo que rezar, que el pobre Dios pensará que somos zotes totales, se preguntará,qué que obra hizo, que no es capaz de resolver esta raza nuestra, ni lo más elemental, el respeto a la dignidad y a la vida de todo ser humano.Así todo lo demás sobra, para que queremos avances cientificos, tecnológicos y demás... si carecemos mundialmente de lo primordial, de la base para construir algo grande.Que penita de raza, unos hacen y otros callan...ojalá este blog y similares a éste, tuvieran tantos lectores y éxito como Gran Hermano por ejemplo?????
Un besazo Abril

josé lopez romero said...

Está más allá de cualquier calificativo esto que no es nuevo y que los poderes que todos elegimos, o una mayoría, dejan pasar hasta el hartazgo, sin alma, pensando que están por fuera de estas miserias. Un abrazo y aquí estoy siempre buscando las mejores cosas para alentar el camino, la lucha, lo que podemos hacer desde nuestros lugares. Mi afecto.

Unknown said...

Haití, duele en el alma...
no basta con rezar, hacen falta muchas cosas para construir la justicia.

Ericarol said...

Siendo Dominicana, y habiendo una vez visitado Haití, he sido testigo de las injusticias que se cometen contra ellos, incluso a manos de mis mismos compatriotas. En mi país tienen fama de salvajes, ladrones, etc. y muchos de ellos son los que cuidan nuestras casas, mantienen nuestros patios limpios, erigen nuestros edificios, cortan nuestra caña de azúcar. E s una muestra más de que vivimos en un mundo plagado de pensamientos negativos,prejuicios y maldad. Personalmente, he tenido que luchar contra muchos de estos prejuicios contra mis vecinos haitianos. Está mal.

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